Adventure Digest Travel
Food must be broken down into a form that is usable by the body's cells. This is done by the digestive system. Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth when food is broken down into smaller pieces. Chemical digestion breaks the food down into molecules that can move through the cell membrane. The digestive system can be broken down into two groups: the alimentary canal and its accessory organs.
The Alimentary Canal
The alimentary canal, or digestive tract, is where food travels and is broken down and absorbed. It is made up of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. The wall of the alimentary canal consists of four layers, although their characteristics may vary from one organ to another.
The innermost lining of the alimentary canal is the mucous membrane, or mucosa. It is a protective layer that may have invaginations that are used for the secretion of mucus and enzymes. Some areas of the mucosa have projections or folds that increase the surface area of the canal for better absorption.
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